Pterosauria: Ntabwo ndi "dinosaur iguruka"
Mubitekerezo byacu, dinosaurs yari abategetsi b'isi mubihe bya kera. Turabifata nk'ukuri ko inyamaswa zisa icyo gihe zose zashyizwe mubyiciro bya dinosaur. Noneho, Pterosauria yabaye "dinosaurs iguruka". Mubyukuri, Pterosauria ntabwo yari dinosaurs!
Dinosaurs bivuga ibikururuka hasi bimwe na bimwe bishobora gufata inzira igororotse, ukuyemo pterosaurs. Pterosauria irimo kuguruka gusa ibikururuka hasi, hamwe na dinosaurs byombi ni imigezi yubwihindurize ya Ornithodira. Ni ukuvuga, pterosauria na dinosaurs bameze nka "mubyara". Ni bene wabo ba hafi, kandi ni inzira ebyiri zubwihindurize zabayeho mugihe kimwe, kandi abakurambere babo baheruka kwitwa Ornithischiosaurus.
Iterambere ryamababa
Igihugu cyiganjemo dinosaur, kandi ikirere cyari cyiganjemo pterosaurs. Numuryango, nigute umwe ari mwijuru undi ari hasi?
Mu burengerazuba bw'intara ya Liaoning mu Bushinwa, habonetse igi rya pterosauria ryakubiswe ariko ntirigaragaza ibimenyetso byo kumeneka. Byari byaragaragaye ko amababa y'insoro imbere yakuze neza, bivuze ko pterosauria ishobora kuguruka nyuma yo kuvuka.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ninzobere nyinshi bwerekanye ko pterosauria ya mbere yavuye mu mato mato, udukoko twangiza, amaguru maremare yiruka ku butaka nka Scleromochlus, yari afite ibibondo ku maguru yinyuma, bikagera ku mubiri cyangwa umurizo. Ahari kubera gukenera kubaho no guhiga, uruhu rwabo rwabaye runini kandi rugenda rukura buhoro buhoro rusa namababa. Bashobora rero no gutwarwa no gukura buhoro buhoro mubikururuka.
Ibisigazwa byerekana ko ubanza aba basore bato atari bato gusa, ariko kandi ko imiterere yamagufwa mumababa itagaragara. Ariko buhoro buhoro, byahindutse byerekeza mu kirere, maze ibaba rinini, umurizo mugufi uguruka Pterosauria ugenda usimbuza “umwijima”, amaherezo uhinduka ikirere.
Mu 2001, mu Budage havumbuwe ibisigazwa bya pterosauria. Amababa y’ibimera yabitswe igice. Abahanga barabamuritse bakoresheje urumuri ultraviolet basanga amababa yacyo ari uruhu rwuruhu rufite imiyoboro y'amaraso, imitsi hamwe na fibre ndende. Fibre irashobora gushyigikira amababa, kandi uruhu rushobora gukururwa cyane, cyangwa kuzingirwa nkumufana. Muri 2018, ibisigazwa bibiri bya pterosauria byavumbuwe mu Bushinwa byerekanaga ko nabyo bifite amababa yambere, ariko bitandukanye n’amababa y’inyoni, amababa yabo yari mato kandi menshi cyane ashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubushyuhe bwumubiri bugerweho.
Biragoye kuguruka
Urabizi? Mu bisigazwa byavumbuwe, amababa ya pterosauria nini ashobora kwaguka metero 10. Kubwibyo, abahanga bamwe bemeza ko niyo baba bafite amababa abiri, pterosauria nini ntishobora kuguruka igihe kirekire kandi kirekire nkinyoni, ndetse abantu bamwe bakibwira ko badashobora kuguruka na gato! Kuberako biremereye cyane!
Nyamara, uburyo pterosauria yagurutse buracyafite umwanzuro. Bamwe mu bahanga bavuga kandi ko wenda pterosauria itigeze ikoresha kunyerera nk'inyoni, ariko amababa yabo yahindutse yigenga, akora imiterere yihariye y'indege. Nubwo pterosauria nini yari ikeneye ingingo zikomeye kugirango zive hasi, ariko amagufa manini yatumye aremerwa cyane. Bidatinze, basanze inzira! Amagufwa yamababa ya pterosauria yahindutse imiyoboro idafite urukuta ruto, ibyo bikaba byaratumaga "guta ibiro" neza, bigahinduka byoroshye kandi byoroshye, kandi bishobora kuguruka byoroshye.
Abandi bavuga ko pterosauria idashobora kuguruka gusa, ahubwo yunamye nka kagoma kugira ngo ihige amafi hejuru y'inyanja, ibiyaga, n'inzuzi. Indege yemereye pterosauria gukora urugendo rurerure, guhunga inyamaswa zangiza no gutura ahantu hashya.
Kawah Dinosaur Urubuga rwemewe:www.kawahdinosaur.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-18-2019